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A comprehensive guide to privileged structures and their application in the discovery of new drugs The use of privileged structures is a viable strategy in the discovery of new medicines at the lead optimization stages of the drug discovery process. Privileged Structures in Drug Discovery offers a comprehensive text that reviews privileged structures from the point of view of medicinal chemistry and contains the synthetic routes to these structures. In this text, the author—a noted expert in the field—includes an historical perspective on the topic, presents a practical compendium to privileged structures, and offers an informed perspective on the future direction for the field. The book describes the up-to-date and state-of-the-art methods of organic synthesis that describe the use of privileged structures that are of most interest. Chapters included information on benzodiazepines, 1,4-dihydropyridines, biaryls, 4-(hetero)arylpiperidines, spiropiperidines, 2-aminopyrimidines, 2-aminothiazoles, 2-(hetero)arylindoles, tetrahydroisoquinolines, 2,2-dimethylbenzopyrans, hydroxamates, and bicyclic pyridines containing ring-junction nitrogen as privileged scaffolds in medicinal chemistry. Numerous, illustrative case studies document the current use of the privileged structures in the discovery of drugs. This important volume: Describes the drug compounds that have successfully made it to the marketplace and the chemistry associated with them Offers the experience from an author who has worked in many therapeutic areas of medicinal chemistry Details many of the recent developments in organic chemistry that prepare target molecules Includes a wealth of medicinal chemistry case studies that clearly illustrate the use of privileged structures Designed for use by industrial medicinal chemists and process chemists, academic organic and medicinal chemists, as well as chemistry students and faculty, Privileged Structures in Drug Discovery offers a current guide to organic synthesis methods to access the privileged structures of interest, and contains medicinal chemistry case studies that document their application.

ISBN10 : 9781118145661 , ISBN13 : 1118145666

Page Number : 560

Enzymes have interesting applications in our biological system and act as valuable biocatalysts. Their various functions allow enzymes to develop new drugs, detoxifications, and pharmaceutical chemistry. Research Advancements in Pharmaceutical, Nutritional, and Industrial Enzymology provides emerging research on biosynthesis, enzymatic treatments, and bioengineering of medicinal waste. While highlighting issues such as structural implications for drug development and food applications, this publication explores information on various applications of enzymes in pharmaceutical, nutritional, and industrial aspects. This book is a valuable resource for medical professionals, pharmacists, pharmaceutical companies, researchers, academics, and upper-level students seeking current information on developing scientific ideas for new drugs and other enzymatic advancements.

ISBN10 : 9781522552383 , ISBN13 : 1522552383

Page Number : 549

This book is the culmination of fifteen years of research on the transplantation of dopaminergic neurons in the striatum of the weaver mouse (wv/wv), a neurological mutant characterized by genetically-determined degeneration of midbrain dopamine neurons. This mutant constitutes the only available laboratory model with a chronic disorder that mimics Parkinson's disease. Structural and functional aspects of intrastriatal mesencephalic neuron grafting into the weaver model are reviewed, including histochemical correlates of graft survival and integration, numerical aspects of donor cell survival, ultrastructural findings on synaptogenesis, neurochemical indices of dopamine uptake and receptor binding, gene expression of structural and neurotransmitter-receptor related molecules, levels of striatal amino acid receptors, and behavioural effects of unilateral and bilateral neuronal transplantations.

ISBN10 : 9781461506997 , ISBN13 : 1461506999

Page Number : 148

Você ou algum conhecido já deve ter se perguntado Drogas, o que sabemos sobre? Mesmo que seja um tema milenar nas sociedades humanas e notoriamente polêmico nos últimos séculos, um olhar mais cauteloso sobre o tema nos revela surpresas. Drogas foram e ainda são estudadas pela Ciência Biomédica, que descreve particularidades farmacológicas e fisiológicas: desde como são obtidas até como funcionam em nosso corpo, mudando nosso comportamento. Nas Ciências Humanas, relatos históricos mostram uma relação intrínseca entre o uso de substâncias diversas, com usos e consequências também diversos, e o nosso desenvolvimento como espécie e sociedade. Atualmente, o tema Drogas se apresenta repleto de conceitos e pré-conceitos, que são usados para nossa contínua transformação social. Contudo, pouco sabemos sobre um assunto tão recorrente e tão enraizado em nosso dia a dia. E parte dessa nossa ignorância coletiva se preserva porque os conhecimentos não se dialogam, não tecem uma rede de informações e formações que permitem uma análise multidisciplinar sobre o tema. Até agora. Drogas, o que sabemos sobre? intenciona trazer a você, leitor, informações consistentes e atualizadas sobre as mais diversas perspectivas sobre o assunto: história das substâncias mais comuns, assim como seus aspectos socioeconômicos, legais, políticos, químicos, farmacológicos e biomédicos. Não obstante, esclarecemos sobre os fundamentos de farmacologia e neurociências que podem auxiliá-lo na compreensão de informações técnicas. Também, acendemos a chama da reflexão ao trazer questionamentos sobre diferentes concepções histórico-culturais do assunto e seu impacto na tão discutida proibição e legalização.

ISBN10 : 9786525010663 , ISBN13 : 6525010667

Page Number : 380

Schizophrenia is often associated with an inadequate response to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. How to treat patients who have an unsatisfactory response to anti-psychotics, including clozapine - which is unequivocally the most powerful antipsychotic medication for this recalcitrant population - remains a clinical conundrum. A range of adjunctive medications have been tried with mixed results; there has also been renewed interest in the role of neuromodulatory strategies, electroconvulsive therapy, and cognitive and vocational approaches. Perhaps a bright spot for the future lies in the evolution of pharmacogenetic approaches for individualized care. In this book, leading experts from Europe, Australia and the Americas provide a timely appraisal of treatments for the most severely ill schizophrenia patients. This clinically focused book is informed by the latest research on the neurobiology and treatment of schizophrenia. It is comprehensive in scope, covering current treatment options, various add-on approaches, and a range of psychosocial treatments. The contributors are respected experts who have combined their clinical experience with cutting-edge research to provide readers with authoritative information on fundamental aspects of clinical care for schizophrenia.

ISBN10 : 9783642452574 , ISBN13 : 3642452574

Page Number : 230

This title will be an exhaustive and thorough text on the range of epileptic conditions, aiming to be the standard reference text on epilepsies for neurologists. It presents established views and recent advances in epileptic seizures and syndromes and their management, and the content is based on the classification, practice parameters and guidelines issued by the International League Against Epilepsy and other recognised medical authorities.

ISBN10 : 1849961484 , ISBN13 : 9781849961486

Page Number : 640

Access to accurate, evidence-based, and clinically relevant information is essential to anyone who uses or recommends herbal products. With input from some of the most respected experts in herbal and integrative medicine, this completely revised edition of the American Herbal Products Association’s Botanical Safety Handbook reviews both traditional knowledge and contemporary research on herbs to provide an authoritative resource on botanical safety. The book covers more than 500 species of herbs and provides a holistic understanding of safety through data compiled from clinical trials, pharmacological and toxicological studies, medical case reports, and historical texts. For each species, a brief safety summary is provided for quick reference, along with a detailed review of the literature. Easily understood classification systems are used to indicate the safety of each listed species and the potential for the species to interact with drugs. Enhancements to the Second Edition include: Classification of each herb with both a safety rating and a drug interaction rating More references listed for each individual herb, vetted for accuracy Specific information on adverse events reported in clinical trials or case reports Safety-related pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of each herb, including drug interactions Additional information on the use of herbs by pregnant or lactating women Toxicological studies and data on toxic compounds Representing the core of the botanical trade and comprising the finest growers, processors, manufacturers, and marketers of herbal products, the mission of the AHPA is to promote the responsible commerce of herbal products. The American Herbal Products Association Botanical Safety Handbook, Second Edition ensures that this vision is attained. The book will be a valuable reference for product manufacturers, healthcare practitioners, regulatory agencies, researchers, and consumers of herbal products.

ISBN10 : 9781466516946 , ISBN13 : 1466516941

Page Number : 1073